General Info

The thoracic cage is formed by twelve pairs of rib bones that provide essential protection for the enclosed organs and play a key role in breathing. The flexibility of the ribs allows them to expand and contract the thoracic cavity, aiding in both inspiration (breathing in) and expiration (breathing out). Additionally, the ribs serve as attachment points for various muscles that are critical for movement and stability:

  • Intercostal muscles: Located in the spaces between the ribs, these muscles assist with breathing.
  • Diaphragm: Originates from the inner surfaces of the costal cartilages on the sixth rib, playing a major role in breathing.
  • Serratus anterior: Arises from the 1st to 8th ribs and stabilises the scapula to the ribs, crucial for shoulder stability.
  • Pectoralis major and minor: Attach to the superior anterior ribs and are important for shoulder movement.
  • Latissimus dorsi: Originates from the 9th to 12th ribs and contributes to both lumbar stability and shoulder extension.
  • Scalenus anterior, posterior, and medius: Attach to the first and second ribs, functioning as neck flexors and rotators, and acting as antagonists to the neck extensors.
  • Rectus abdominis: Inserts at the xiphisternum and the 5th to 7th costal cartilages, enabling trunk flexion.

Q&A with Cam

Learn what might be behind your symptoms

I was twisted in a tackle and felt a 'pop' in my chest. What have I done?

Rib injuries can include fractures, bruising, and cartilage damage, typically resulting from direct contact or compression, such as being landed on during a game. 

The most common symptoms of a rib fracture are reporting heavy contact, feeling a “crack” and then pain. Most  fractures are managed symptomatically ie when the pain goes you can compete again. This may take 3-4 weeks. 

Rib Cartilage  injuries, often caused by compressive force to the front of the lower ribs, such as shoulder contact during a tackle or compression in a rugby scrum to a front row player, are particularly painful. Usually the sufferer cannot continue playing. They feel clicking in their anterior chest with breathing. The initial first few nights sleep are very uncomfortable.

Pain relief in both types of injuries is essential. As pain subsides, light power band exercises and normal training can resume. Restoring thoracic mobility is essential. Use a Posture Pro, Thoracic wedge or Dome. Only when pain has reduced, gently stretch your Lats out (Stretchband)

Costovertebral joint injuries occur where the ribs join the spine and can cause significant discomfort. Compression on the front of the ribcage often leads to soreness in the mid or upper back, as the rib cage structure can transfer stress to these areas. 

Managing this back soreness is crucial for restoring normal rib function. Treatment typically involves manual therapy, such as physiotherapist-assisted joint mobilization, or self-treatment using a Massage ball or Foam roller

Rib injuries can impact recovery from lower back, upper back, shoulder, and neck injuries, depending on the injury location, and should receive more attention from clinicians.

When experiencing rib pain, the first step is to manage the pain with ice (using an Ice Mate).

Seek a medical diagnosis, including an X-ray, to assess the injury. 

Next, focus on mobilizing the costo-vertebral and costo-transverse joints with a Massage ball to maintain flexibility and range of motion. 

Strengthening your abdominals and stabilizing obliques using a red Power band is essential to support your rib cage and alleviate discomfort. 

Finally, stretching the Lat muscles with a Stretchband will help reduce tension and improve overall rib mobility.

Rib fractures are relatively common contact injuries and are usually very painful.

Recovery time after rib fractures largely depends on pain management rather than a specific timeframe. Healing is guided by the individual's pain tolerance, and the return to play is determined by how well the pain is controlled. 

Rib cartilage injuries, on the other hand, often require more time to heal due to their severity. 

These injuries can be slow to settle, typically taking anywhere from 2 to 6 weeks, depending on the extent of the damage.

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